400-8633-580
医学术语翻译-病例翻译
病例常用词汇
一、发烧 fever
发烧
发烧：become feverish; have a temperature
发高烧：have a high fever
平常有微热，有几次升到38.4度：have low grade (slight) fever to 38.4℃ on a few occasions
没有发烧：be afebrile; have no fever
体温升高
体温上升：have an elevation of temperature
发高烧伴随恶寒：have high temp. associated with chill
体温上升，有恶寒：have chills with high temperature
体温降低
体温急速下降：one's fever falls (abates; declines) promptly
体温开始减低：fever began to remit
体温似乎是减退了：fever seemed to abate
体温降到正常：fever dropped (was reduced) to normal
体温慢慢地下降(上升)：with slow lysis ( cirsis) of fever
体温一天一天地低下来：fever became lower day by day
二、睡眠 sleep
睡眠障碍
非常爱睡：be unusually sleepy
贪睡：be fond of sleep
无法控制的嗜睡：uncontrollable somnolence
易醒：be easily wakened
时常在晚上醒过来：often wake up at night.
不能熟睡：sleep is not sound
晚上睡得不很熟：do not sleep well at night
睡觉不能多过数小时：sleep for no longer than a few hours.
由于呼吸短促睡不着：have sleepless night with shortness of breath
今年冬天由于夜间性气喘一直失眠：had insomnia this winter due to nocturnal asthma
患失眠症：have (develop) insomnia
睡眠不足：want(lack) of sleep; insufficient sleep
不易入睡：have trouble getting to sleep
睡眠无多大的障碍：sleep is not greatly disturbed
失眠病人：insomniac
三、疼痛 pain
疼痛的发生
感觉疼痛：feel (have; suffer from) a pain; pain is felt in ; feel painful
头痛：have a headache; be troubled with a headache; feel a pain in one's head
患剧烈头痛：have a nasty (bad) headache
时常头痛：be subject (a martyr) to headaches
有撞击似的两侧性头痛：have bilateral pounding headaches
头痛逐渐地变为频发(较不严重)：headaches gradually become more frequent (less severe)
疼痛的种类
恒常(痛)：constant
间歇(痛)：intermittent
偶(痛)：occasional
急性(痛)：acute
钝麻(痛)，闷(痛)：dull
搏动性的：throbbing
抽搐(痛)：tic
抽(痛)：twinge
锐(痛)，急(痛)：sharp
刺(射)痛：stabbing ( shooting) pain
钻锥(痛)：boring
穿刺(痛)：piercing
窜(痛)：darting
被咬样的(痛)：gnawing
似裂(痛)：tearing (splitting)
胀(痛)：bursting
刀割样(痛)：knife like
痉挛(痛)：crampy
拉(痛)：dragging
箍(痛)：girdle like (constricting)
痛得打滚：writhing
极痛的：excruciating
切割的(痛)：lancinating
绞性痛：colic (colicky pain)
剧痛：severe (pungent; intense)
感应痛：referred pain
坠痛：bearing down pain
发生遍身的酸痛：develop diffuse body aching
有剧烈的骨盘痛：have exquisite pelvic pain
牙痛频发：continual bouts of toothache
一阵阵剧烈的牙痛：the pangs of a toothache
带有胸膜炎性状的右胸痛：right sided pain of a pleuritic character
发生阵痛性的疼痛：have labor like pains
疼痛再发
pain reappears (relapses); pain breaks out again; a return of the pain
疼痛放射
pain radiates ( travels) to …; pain radiating from … to …; radiation of the pain to …
疼痛部位
疼痛存在于：the pain is limited to; the pain is located (localized; situated) in (or over) ; there is localized pain in …
遍在痛：generalized (general; extensive; unlocalized) pain
疼痛减轻
疼痛减轻：pain is relieved by , relieve (ease, allay, alleviate, assuage, abate, soothe) the pain, pains decrease (grow less, go down , fall off)
疼痛减轻了：the pain became lighter
疼痛的严重度减少：the severity of the pain waned
疼痛未停止：the pain did no ease
四、胃肠 stomach & bowels
胃
胃不调：upset stomach
消化不良：have bad (impaired: defective) digestion; suffer from indigestion (dyspepsia)
胃有毛病：have a disordered stomach (stomach disorder); something is wrong with one's stomach.
因过食而伤胃：injure one＇s stomach by overeating oneself
觉食物积滞胃中：feel heavy on the stomach
食物不易消化：lie (sit) heavy on one's stomach
恶心
欲呕：feel nauseated
有晨吐：have morning sickness
夜吐(饭后恶心)：nocturnal (postprandial) nausea
晕船(车)：be sea (car) sick
有点恶心：have (experience) some nausea
严重的作呕：have considerable retching
里急后重时发生恶心和呕吐：have a spell of n & v while straining at stool
患食欲不振和恶心：be anorexic and nauseated
偶而恶心和呕吐：develop occasional nausea and vomiting
老是溢酸，感觉腹胀：burp all the time, feel bloated
吐出清净透明的胃容物：with vomiting of clear gastric contents
呕吐停了，消失了：vomiting stopped (ceased), cleared
止吐：settle the stomach
打噎：belch (eruct; eructate)
大便
解大便：open (relax; evacuate) the bowel; have a passage
有便意：have a call of nature
有1次(2次)大便：have a motion (two motions)
没有大便：be constipated
平均每天大便12次：averaged 12 stools daily
发觉粪便中有很多血：noticed gross blood in one＇s stools
开始一天解8次松的多脂粪便：began to pass 8 loose greasy stools per day
大便增加到一天4—5次：stools increased in number to 4 or 5 daily
更换尿布时有些粪便：have some stool in each diaper change
大便检查
种类：ordinary, dry, hard, loose(soft), large, watery(liquid), formed, formless, frothy, mucous, bloody, ricewater, peasoup, tarry
臭味：odorless, extremely foul, sour, putrid, less offensive in odor, offensive but no excessively foul
颜色：black, tarry, brownishblack, brown, red, green, yellow, lightbrown, greywhite (claycolored)
便秘
便秘：suffer from constipation
惯性便秘：habitual constipation
时常便秘：be always constipated
有便秘倾向：have a tendency to be constipated
只有灌肠才能缓和严重的便秘：one＇s severe constipation was relieved only by enemas
腹泻
晨泻，水泻，粘液性腹泻，慢性腹泻：diarrhea (morning, watery, mucous, dysenteric, chronic)
腹泻：diarrhea (轻症 mild,拖延的 protracted, 无法控制的 uncontrolled, 难医的intractable)
患腹泻：suffer from diarrhea; have (an attack of ) diarrhea; have loose bowels
短期的腹泻发生了：a brief episode of diarrhea occurred
开始泻腹(自然消失，于两天后消失)：diarrhea commenced (spontaneously disappeared, cleared after 2 days)
偶而泻肚子：have occasional diarrhea
腹泻厉害，在3—7次之间：diarrhea varied in severity from 3 to 7 b.m.
不得不服药：be obliged to take physics
腹泻未因吃脱脂牛奶而转佳：received skim milk without any improvement in the diarrhea
用泻药：use a purgative
五、排尿生殖器
尿
colorless,clear,transparent,translucent(semitransparent),opaque, milky(opalescent) cloudy(turbid), orange, greenish, dirty blue, green, yellow(amber; straw), red, bright red, brown yellow, dark-brown, brown-dark, light brown, pale yellow, faint pale, clay-colored, patty-colored
排便
micturate; make(pass) water; void; piss
一夜有2次小便：have nocturia twice nightly (a night)
这次住院时解出一个结石：pass a stone on this admission
小便浑浊：one's urine is thick(colored)
解出极浑浊，乳白色的尿：the passage of highly turbid, milky urine
频尿：frequent urination(micturition)
无法忍受的频尿：intolerable frequency of urination
终末性血尿：terminal hematuria
终末尿带有几滴血：urine terminates with a few drops of blood
排尿痛：micturition pain
解尿时左腰疼痛：have pain in the left loin on micturition
小便流势良好：void with a good stream
尿流细小：small u
六、呼吸 resp，咳嗽 cough，痰 sputum
呼吸
呼吸困难：breathe hard (with difficulty) ; have difficulty in breathing ( respiration)
呼吸困难：dyspnea (夜间性 nocturnal, 发作性paroxysmal)
安静时(运动性)呼吸困难：dyspnea at rest (on exertion)
常发生发作性夜间呼吸困难：frequent episodes of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
呼吸困难突然厉害起来：have sudden increase in dyspnea
患轻微的运动性呼吸困难：have some mild exertional dyspnea
患急性呼吸困难：have an acute attack of dyspnea
无呼吸困难：have no respiratory embarrassment
偶有心悸：have occasional palpitations
心悸反复发生：have recurrent episodes of palpations
咳嗽
种类：short, sharp, small, dry(hasty), moist, constant, painful, irritable, spasmodic, wheezing, distressed, rasping
咳个不停：have a fit of coughing; cough oneself into a fit (fits)
苦咳个不停：have a hard (racking; convulsive) cough
患4天干燥发作性咳嗽：experience a 4day episode of dry paroxysmal cough.
2岁时开始有间歇性烦咳：intermittent hacking cough started at 2 years old
咳嗽减少了：one＇s cough diminished
发生轻度无痰的干咳：develop slight nonproductive cough
有点(很多)咯血：have minimal (massive) hemoptysis.
咯出一点血：cough (expectorate; spit) up (out) a little blood
开始咯出黑血斑点：began coughing op flecks of dark blood
痰
种类：thin, thick, fetid, serous, frothy, tenacious, viscous,mucous(mucoid),mucopurulent, transparent, seropurulent, rusty
中等量(多量/大量)带有灰白色痰的咳嗽：moderate amounts (a great deal, large quantities) of grayishwhite sputum
痰涌上咽喉，有酸味：phlegm wells up in the throat and tastes sour
痰堵住嗓子了：phlegm blocked the windpipe
半杯黄色痰：one half cup of yellowish sputum
吐脓性，偶而带血的痰：produce purulent, occasionally bloodtinged sputum
开始有点咳嗽，并且有约3公撮的血痰：began to have some cough and produced about 3 ml. of bloody sputum.
一点也咳不出痰：do not raise any phlegm at all
咳痰停止了：expectoration ceased
七、神经精神系统 neuropsychiatric
神经症状
一般用语：vertigo, dizziness, dizzy spell, syncope, fainting, sleepy, drowsy, lethargic, insomnia, hiccough, convulsion, seizure, trembling, involuntary movement, numbness, weakness, incoordination, clumsiness of motion, tingling, unsteadiness in walking, difficulty in walking, paresthesia, anesthesia, paralysis, myalgia, thick speech, aphonia
抑郁
一般用语：despondent, gloomy, worried, disgusted, discouraged, scared, fearful, low, afraid, angry, blue ; cheerful, optimistic, pessimistic, satisfied, stable, fluctuating, hilarious
思考能力
一般用语：think less clearly, decreased speed of thinking, decreased clarity of thought, flight of ideas, loss of mental vigor , mental apathy
再也不能集中心力：can no longer concentrate
发觉集中力减退：noted waning powers of concentration
精神异常
一般用语：hallucination, delusion of persecution（被害妄想）, mental confusion, disorientation, mental aberration, negativism, loss of memory, amnesia, mutism, etc.
老是发出痴呆、不适当的笑声：frequently exhibit silly inappropriate laughter
对其他小孩残酷无情：behave brutally toward other children
变为难于驾御：become unmanageable
发觉个性显著变化：a definite personality change is noted
精神失常逐渐厉害起来：have gradually progressive mental deterioration.
发觉记性障碍有2个月：noted memory impairment for 2 months.
性癖异常
一般用语：emotional instability, tendency to worry, hot temper, temper outbursts, irritable, shy, fussy, quarrelsome
情绪非常窘迫：be in severe increasing emotional lability
心神不安宁,坐立不安：be restless and fidgety
动辄生气：be easily moved to anger
脾气暴躁：have temper tantrums
深怀自卑感：harborn deep feelings of inferiority
八、食欲 appetite，体重 weight
食欲良好
过食：eat too much (to excess ; heavily); overeat; be intemperate in eating
吃得多 (胃口大开地吃)：eat profusely (with a good appetite)
保持良好食欲：retained an excellent appetite
食欲增进：one's appetite improved
食欲有节制(食欲旺盛，贪食不饱)：have a moderate (good, enormous) appetite
无食欲障碍：one's appetite is undisturbed
食不过饱的人：a moderate (spare; light) eater
过饱的人：a heavy (great; hard) eater
食量：capacity for eating
无食欲
无食欲：have no (little) appetite (for food); lose (have no) relish for one's food; loss (lack) of appetite; loss of interest in food
发觉（有点）食欲不振：noted (minimal) anorexia
食欲不定（无食欲障碍）：one's appetite is variable (undisturbed)
食欲反复无常：have a capricious appetite
食欲不佳：have a poor (feeble; weak; delicate) appetite
胃口变得更加不好：became more anorexic
失去平常的食欲：lose one's usual appetite
食欲减退：appetite decreases (reduces; declines; falls off)
吃得少：eat poorly (sparingly) ;take little food; poor food intake
不想吃：be disinclined to eat
取食不规则：eat irregularly
停吃：cease eating
促进食欲：improve (stimulate; sharpen; whet) the appetite
口渴
口渴：be (feel) thirsty
口一直很渴：continue to have excessive thirst
喝大量的水：drink water generously
对碳酸饮料发生不寻常的爱好：develop an unusual craving for carbonated beverages
要少喝茶水：be advised to decrease one's tea drinking
体重减轻
住院时体重：admission weight
最高（最低）体重：maximal (minimal) weight
体重减少，但未知多少：weight loss of undetermined amount
通常在夏季体重减轻：usually lose weight in the summer months
体重以惊人的速度减少：lose weight with alarming speed
体重始终一样：weight remained stationary (steady)
体重不变：weight is stable (unchanged)
体重维持不变：weight is well maintained
体重老是50公斤：one's weight is constant (maintained) at 50 kg.
虽然食量增加，体重却减轻了6公斤：lost 6 kg. in spite of increased intake of food
问诊常用英语
一、一般病情
他觉得头痛、恶心、想吐。
he feels headache, nausea and vomiting.
他感到反常的疲倦。
he began to feel unusually tired.
他的症状有食欲和体重减轻、非常疲倦、发烧和发冷。
his symptoms include loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive fatigue, fever and chills.
他大部份时间都觉得非常疲倦。
he feels exhausted or fatigued most of the time.
他觉得昏昏欲睡，头晕目眩和想吐。
he feels drowsy, dizzy and nauseated.
他感到周围的东西都在打转。
he feels as though everything around him is spinning.
她眼睛四周又痛又痒。
she has some pains and itching around her eyes.
二、伤风感冒
他咳嗽带有绿黄色的痰。
he has been coughing up rusty or greenish-yellow phlegm.
他眼睛发痒，而且一直在打喷嚏。
his eyes feel itchy and he has been sneezing.
他有发烧，筋骨酸痛和常常咳嗽。
he has a fever, aching muscles and hacking cough. （hacking = constant）
他咳嗽有浓痰，而且觉得很虚弱。
he coughed with sputum and feeling of malaise. （malaise = debility）
他声音嘶哑，有时失声。
he has hoarse and has lost his voice sometimes.
他呼吸时，有气喘似的呼哧呼哧作响。
his breathing is harsh and wheezy.
有时突然间太阳穴刺痛。
he has a stabbing pain that comes on suddenly in one or both temples.
他流鼻水，打喷嚏和喉咙沙哑。
he has a runny nose, sneezing or a scratchy throat.
三、女性疾病
她发觉乳房有个肿块。
she has noticed one lump in her breast.
她左乳房疼痛且肿大。
her left breast is painful and swollen.
她月经来的很多。
she has heavy bleeding with her periods.
她阴道分泌物带白色或绿黄色，而且气味不好。
her vaginal discharge is white or greenish-yellow and unpleasant smelling.
在月经来的前后，她有时也发觉有滴滴达达的流血。
she has noticed occasional spotting of blood between periods.
她月经来时疼痛，而且阴道有不正常的分泌物。
she has painful periods and abnormal vaginal discharge.
四、手脚毛病
我右脚底有个像肉疣般的硬块。
there is a wart-like lump on the sole of right foot.
他的足踝好像肿了，用手按，有小坑痕。
his ankles look puffy and they pit when he presses them with his finger. （pit = small dent form 句里的 they 和 them 都是指 ankles。）
左脚酸痛，并有红肿。
the pain in his left foot is accompanied by redness and swelling.
指头和指节旁边的关节，似乎有肿大。
the joints near his fingernails and knuckles look swollen.
他的手和指头感到麻木和刺痛。
he has numbness and tingling in his hands and fingers.
激烈运动后，他的腿就痛。
his legs become painful following strenuous exercise.
他的膝盖有点畸形，也不能动。
his knee is misshapen or unable to move.
他的腋窝肿大。
there are some swellings in his armpit.
他的膝盖不舒服，已有一段时间了。
his knee has been bothering him for some time.
五、男性疾病
他很难控制小便。
he has difficulty controlling his bladder. （bladder 是膀胱）
他的睪丸有些硬块。
there are some lumps on his testicles.
他小便时感到发热和疼痛。
he has had burning or pain when he urinates.
他的阴囊有不痛的肿大。
he has had painless swelling in his scrotum.
他小便不畅通。
he has difficulty starting his urine flow.
他小便流动得很慢很弱。
his urine stream is very weak and slow.
他小便后，还会有少量零星地滴下。
he dribbles a little urine after he has finished urinating.
他的阴茎排出一些流脓。
he has had some discharge from his penis.
他的小便混浊，而且气味不好。
his urine is cloudy and it smells strong.
他的胯部感到隐痛。
he has a dull heavy ache in the crotch.
他咳嗽或打喷嚏时，会有点泄尿。
he has a small leakage of urine when he coughs or sneezes.
六、呼吸方面
他要用口呼吸。
he has to breathe through his mouth.
喘气，即使不运动，也是上气不接下气。
he is short of breath, even when he has not been exercising, he is breathless.
干咳，没有痰。
his cough is dry, producing no phlegm.
咳嗽有血。
he has coughed up blood.
感冒时鼻子不通。
his nose stuffed up when he had a cold.
他多半时间咳出浓浓的痰。
he coughs up a lot of phlegm thick spit on most days.
他胸部觉得闷闷的，好像透不过气来。
he has a feeling of tightness in the chest or a feeling that he is suffocating.
七、口腔毛病
他的牙齿和下巴疼痛。
he has pain in his teeth or jaw.
他咬东西时，牙齿就痛。
the tooth hurts only when he bites down on it. （动词时态：hurt，hurt， hurt，bite，bit，bit）
他的牙床红肿。
his gums are red and swollen.
他的舌头到处红和痛。
his tongue is red and sore all over.
他牙床出血。
his gums do bleed.
他的牙床和下巴肿痛。
he has some sore swellings on his gum or jaw.
他的嘴唇和周围都很痛。
he has sore places on or around the lip.
他的嘴角破了。
there are cracks at the corners of his mouth.
他舌头里边有些地方颜色怪怪的。
there are some discolored areas inside on his tongue.
八、肠胃毛病
他饭后肚子觉得胀胀的，很不舒服。
he has a bloated, uncomfortable feeling after meal. （或 he feels bloated after eating. ）
他有一阵阵的肚痛。
he has bouts of abdominal pain.
他感到肚子胀胀的。
he feels bloated in his abdominal area. （注：胀胀的，像（puff up），但不是真正的肿（swell up））
痛是在肚子下半部。
the pain is mainly in the lower upper right part of the abdomen.
他吞下食物时会痛。
it is difficult or painful for him to swallow.
他放屁比平常多.
he has passed more gas than usual.
他便秘了好几天。
he has been constipated for a few days.
他大便时很痛。
he suffers pains when he moves his bowels.
他的肛门出血。
he has some bleeding from his rectum.
他大便呈灰白色，含油脂的恶臭。
his bowel movements are pale, greasy and foul smelling.
以上是医学术语翻译-病例翻译的相关介绍，深圳翻译公司比蓝翻译公司,15年翻译公司,系中国译协理事单位、政府指定多语言服务商,是一家以提供英语翻译_专利翻译_医学翻译等服务的大型深圳翻译公司,总部设立在深圳香蜜湖1979,更多医学术语翻译-病例翻译请找深圳翻译公司就到qy966千亿-千亿pt!电话: 400-8633-580
(www.brighttrans.com)
| 上一条: | 下一条:白葡萄酒翻译 |
百搜不如一问，翻译从沟通开始！
